(December 16, 2008 - Insidermedicine) Low glycemic index foods may control blood sugar and cardiovascular risk better than high fiber foods among those with type 2 diabetes, according to research published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Here is some information about glycemic index:

•    It is a scale used to rate how easily carbohydrate-rich foods raise blood sugar in the body.

•    Low glycemic index foods can help control blood sugar levels and appetite as well as risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

•    Some healthy low glycemic index foods include fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy products.

Researchers from the University of Toronto randomized 210 patients with type 2 diabetes to one of two diets. The first emphasized low glycemic index food, such as beans, nuts, and pasta. The second emphasized high fiber, including whole grain breads, brown rice, and potatoes with skins.

After six months, long-term control of blood sugar was better among those on the low glycemic index diet. In addition, HDL or "healthy" cholesterol increased in the low glycemic index group, while it dropped in those on the high fiber diet. Higher HDL cholesterol levels are associated with a reduced risk for cardiovascular disease.

We had a chance to speak with Dr. David Jenkins, the principal investigator of this study, who offered some further insight.

Today's research suggests that a low glycemic index diet could be useful for controlling blood sugar and managing the increased cardiovascular risk that is characteristic of type 2 diabetes.

For Insidermedicine in Depth, I'm Allison Chow.